Location: Southern Africa
Bordering countries: Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and Democratic Republic of Congo
Area: 752, 617 sq. km
Population statistics (based on United Nations sources):
Bordering countries: Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and Democratic Republic of Congo
Area: 752, 617 sq. km
Population statistics (based on United Nations sources):
- Total: 8,976,000 (1999)
- Growth rate: 2.71
- Ratio of males per 100 females: 96.8
- Age structure (1995 figures)
- Percentage aged 0-4 : 18.1
- Percentage aged 5-14 : 30.1
- Percentage aged 15-24 : 20.9
- Percentage aged 25-60 : 24.8
- Percentage aged 60-over : 6.1
- Population density: 11 per sq. km
Literacy rate: 76.3% (1998)
GNP in US$ billions: 3.2 (1998)
GNP per capita in US$: 330 (1998)
Human Development Index value: 0.420 (1998)
Human Development Index rank: 153 of 174 countries
Gender-related Development Index value: 0.413 (1998)
Gender-related Development Index rank: 126 of 174 countries
GNP in US$ billions: 3.2 (1998)
GNP per capita in US$: 330 (1998)
Human Development Index value: 0.420 (1998)
Human Development Index rank: 153 of 174 countries
Gender-related Development Index value: 0.413 (1998)
Gender-related Development Index rank: 126 of 174 countries
Zambia is a landlocked plateau country in Southern Africa which is linked by road, rail and air services to its bordering countries: Tanzania, Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Malawi. The country covers an area of752,617 square kilometres and has a population of over 8.7 million people. The bulk of the population lives along the railroad line, which runs from Livingstone on the Zambezi river to the Copper Belt in the north. In this path are the ten largest urban conglomerations, including the capital city Lusaka. Zambia was formerly a British Protectorate, but it gained independence in October 1964.
Zambia has a great potential for agricultural development and tourism which has not yet been realised. The economy revolves around the large copper mining industry which was nationalised after independence. The fall in 1970 of the international copper price, combined with ill-advised state policies and the armed conflict in neighbouring countries, led to economic decline. Zambia was compelled to borrow heavily from abroad until it found itself saddled with a huge debt burden. The democratic elections since 1991 and the promises by government for reforms and rapid development have so far failed to bring economic recovery. Current economic plans focus on structural adjustment programmes, including privatisation of state corporations (parastatals) to revive the entire economy.
Despite some improvements over the last few years, Zambia's telephone network is still at a very low level of development with approximately 83,100 main lines in operation in 1999 and a telephone density of 0.93 line per hundred population. The deregulation of the telecommunications sector was carried out with the separation of the postal and telecommunications services in 1994 and the establishment of an independent telecommunications regulatory authority in 1995.
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