Samurai X Techniques
Stance and MovementThe Japanese sword art of battojutsu teaches you how to cut from the motion of drawing a katana. It differs from iaijutsu and iaido; in these two arts, students do not practice cutting technique on actual objects. Instead, they practice forms alone or with a partner. Japanese sword arts--kenjutsu, iaijutsu and battojutsu all employ the same fundamental principles of swordsmanship. Mastering these principles solidifies your foundation in martial arts.
- In kenjutsu and other Japanese sword arts, you must have the ability to move quickly and flexibly, yet remain balanced. Slide your left foot back a shoulder's width and turn it outward 30 degrees. Hold your right foot in the direction you are facing and raise onto the balls of your feet so you grip the floor with your toes. The standard heel-to-toe movement used when we walk is not viable; it requires you to lift a foot, move it forward and place it. Instead, push off with your trailing foot, move your lead foot to its destination and bring your trailing foot back into its original position.
Proper Sword Grip
- People make the mistake of gripping the katana too tightly at first. Instead, maintain a relaxed, yet steady, grip. The Toyama Ryu dojo explains that you should place your left hand at the end of the hilt, and the right 1 inch away from the guard. Individual styles have variations on the distance, but a fist's distance between your hands allows enough room for movement. Use your little and ring fingers to exert most of the force of your grip, with your middle finger gripping it lightly. Allow your index finger and thumb to float away from the hilt. Keep your elbows close to your body to maintain wrist flexibility. During jodan-gamae--the high stance--some styles teach you to widen your elbows.
Cutting Technique
- A katana's strength lies in in-close slicing cuts, not chopping motions. Power should come mostly from hip and torso rotation. At the end of a cut, snap the wrists outward as if casting a fishing rod, because this allows you to follow up with a second cut without having to pull the sword back. When you cut from the draw as in battojutsu, rotate your hips with the draw and pull the sheath back to clear the sword; if you have to draw fully, it extends your arm too far from your body. When this happens, you have to rely on arm strength to hold your sword steady.
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