The central processing unit, or processor, is often referred to as the brain of a computer. This part of the computer is responsible for executing programs. Without the processor, the computer cannot run. This small square, usually with pins on the bottom, is located under a heat sink and fan on the motherboard. Troubleshooting the computer to find out if the processor is failing requires several checks of other systems within the computer to rule out other possibilities.
1. Run the Chkdsk utility to check for any errors within the Windows system or sectors on the hard drive. To run Chkdsk, open "My Computer" or "Computer," select your main hard drive and right click. Choose "Properties" from the drop-down menu, go to "Tools" and under "Error Checking" click "Check Now." Make sure the boxes are checked in the window that comes up and click "Start." The program will scan and fix your hard drive of any bad sectors or errors. This does not fix the processor if there is a problem with it.
2. Check for an updated BIOS. Your computer most likely has this option built into the BIOS. When starting the computer, hit "Esc" or "Del until the BIOS menu comes up and look for the upgrade option. The BIOS should prompt you to back up the existing BIOS, and then start the update. By updating your BIOS, the computer's symptoms may be fixed, as an outdated BIOS and a failing processor have similar symptoms.
3. Defragment your hard drive. Close any open programs and make sure you will have constant power to the computer. Open the Start menu, click "All Programs," select "Accessories," then "System Tools." Choose "Disk Defragmenter." Choose the correct hard drive and hit "Defragment." This process takes several minutes. Do not do anything on the computer while this is running.
1. Run the Chkdsk utility to check for any errors within the Windows system or sectors on the hard drive. To run Chkdsk, open "My Computer" or "Computer," select your main hard drive and right click. Choose "Properties" from the drop-down menu, go to "Tools" and under "Error Checking" click "Check Now." Make sure the boxes are checked in the window that comes up and click "Start." The program will scan and fix your hard drive of any bad sectors or errors. This does not fix the processor if there is a problem with it.
2. Check for an updated BIOS. Your computer most likely has this option built into the BIOS. When starting the computer, hit "Esc" or "Del until the BIOS menu comes up and look for the upgrade option. The BIOS should prompt you to back up the existing BIOS, and then start the update. By updating your BIOS, the computer's symptoms may be fixed, as an outdated BIOS and a failing processor have similar symptoms.
3. Defragment your hard drive. Close any open programs and make sure you will have constant power to the computer. Open the Start menu, click "All Programs," select "Accessories," then "System Tools." Choose "Disk Defragmenter." Choose the correct hard drive and hit "Defragment." This process takes several minutes. Do not do anything on the computer while this is running.
4. Replace the RAM. The RAM is the computer's memory and is located inside the computer case. It is connected to the motherboard and looks like flat, narrow boards clipped into the motherboard. In a laptop there is a panel on the bottom that you can remove to access the RAM. Replace the RAM with the same kind that is currently in the system. The type of RAM should be identified on your current RAM. Make sure the computer is off when swapping RAM.
5. Swap the power supply. Sometimes a failing power supply can carry the same symptoms as a failing CPU. If the fans turn on when you boot up the computer but nothing happens, the power supply may be failing. Swap the power supply with the same type.
6. Check the CPU fan and heat sink. There should be a barrier between the heat sink and the processor, such as thermal glue or tape. This helps protect the CPU from heat damage. If any of these things are missing or the fan is not spinning, replace the fan or missing parts.
7. Swap the CPU. Change out the CPU with the same type of CPU. The new CPU can be a faster speed, but it must still fit the motherboard for type. If you swap out the CPU and the system works again, then you know that you had a bad processor.
5. Swap the power supply. Sometimes a failing power supply can carry the same symptoms as a failing CPU. If the fans turn on when you boot up the computer but nothing happens, the power supply may be failing. Swap the power supply with the same type.
6. Check the CPU fan and heat sink. There should be a barrier between the heat sink and the processor, such as thermal glue or tape. This helps protect the CPU from heat damage. If any of these things are missing or the fan is not spinning, replace the fan or missing parts.
7. Swap the CPU. Change out the CPU with the same type of CPU. The new CPU can be a faster speed, but it must still fit the motherboard for type. If you swap out the CPU and the system works again, then you know that you had a bad processor.
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